Types of knee injuries

Regarding the injuries of the knee joint,

1. In pivot shift injury, the ACL is commonly injured.
2. Dashboard injury commonly results in the disruption of the ACL.
3. In lateral patellar dislocation, the oedema is seen in the inferolateral patella and the anterior aspect of the lateral femoral condyle.
4. In lateral patellar dislocation, the lateral patello-femoral ligament may be injured.
5. 'Kissing contusions' on the anterior aspects of the femur and tibia are seen in hyperextension injury.

Answers: T, F, F, F, T
Notes: Pivot shift injury is a non-contact, vulgus injury with femoral internal rotation commonly seen in skiers and Rugby players and the ACL is commonly disrupted. In dashboard injury, the knee is in 90° flexion with anterior force, leading to disruption of the taut PCL. In lateral patellar dislocation, the injury is on the inferomedial ascpect with injury to the inferomedial aspect of the patella, medial retinaculum, MPFL and medial patellotibial ligament. Hyperextension injuries are commonly seen in footballers, leading to kissing conutions, injury to ACL, PCL or menisci.
Reference: Timothy G. Sanders, Monica A. Medynski, John F. Feller, and Keith W. Lawhorn. Bone Contusion Patterns of the Knee at MR Imaging: Footprint of the Mechanism of Injury. RadioGraphics 2000; 20: 135.